Womens suffrage essays

Womens suffrage essays The womens suffrage movement began in Seneca Falls, New York during a convention on the rights of women. Seneca Falls was a progressive town but even here, Elizabeth Cady Stantons call for suffrage was controversial. Voting and politics were seen as completely male domains and it was shocking to think of women involved in either. The primary argument of suffragists was that they were being denied one of the most basic rights of Democracy. They were expected to live under laws which they could not vote for and pay taxes to a government which didnt represent them. Men were only half of the population but they were in charge of all of the decisions. Not only was it unfair, it went against the way God intended things to be. Women and men were different. To create a balanced society, they must both be allowed to have influence. In 1848, women were treated as the property of men. They didnt have rights to property or to their children. It was legal for a man to beat his wife. They were taxed but denied representation in congress. Their sphere of influence was in the home. The Seneca Falls Declaration called for an increase in womens rights in these areas, as well as in education for women and the jobs available to them. It stated that women were morally obligated to resist their tyrannical and oppressive government. This unfair treatment wasnt only unjust, it went against God. The Declaration was not well received by much of the public but it set off a wave of womens rights meetings throughout the 1850s. It was after one of these meetings that Stanton met Susan B. Anthony. This meeting had a profound influence on the future of the womens movement. Together, Stanton and Anthony founded the National Womens Suffrage Association in 1869. This association was one of the central forces in the movement for womens suffrage. Sojourner Truth was one of ...

Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Essays

Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Essays Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Essay Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Essay In many states. Teachers’ Days ( or Teachers Day ) are intended to be particular yearss for the grasp of instructors. and may include jubilations to honor them for their particular parts in a peculiar field country. or the community in general. The day of the month on which Teachers’ twenty-four hours is celebrated varies from state to state. Teachers’ yearss are distinguishable from World Teachers’ Day which is officially celebrate* A good instructor is like a candle – it consumes itself to illume the manner for others. –Author Unknown * Teaching is non a lost art. but the respect for it is a lost tradition. -Jacques Barzun * Good instructors are dearly-won. but bad instructors cost more. –Bob Talbert * The true instructor defends his students against his ain personal influence. He inspires self-distrust. He guides their eyes from himself to the spirit that quickens him. He will hold no adherent. –Amos Bronson Alcott * Teaching is go forthing a trace of one ego in the development of another. And certainly the pupil is a bank where you can lodge your most cherished hoarded wealths. –Eugene P. Bertin * The mediocre instructor Tells. The good instructor explains. The superior instructor demonstrates. The great instructor inspires. –William Arthur Ward * A teacher’s intent is non to make pupils in his ain image. but to develop pupils who can make their ain image. –Author Unknown * What the instructor is. is more of import than what he teaches. –Karl Menningervv * The dream begins with a instructor who believes in you. who tugs and pushes and leads you to the following tableland. sometimes jabing you with a crisp stick called truth. –Dan Rather * In learning you can non see the fruit of a day’s work. It is unseeable and remains so. possibly for 20 old ages. –Jacques Barzun * Teaching is the profession that teaches all the other professions. –Author Unknown * The best instructors teach from the bosom. non from the book. –Author Unknown * A instructor affects infinity ; he can neer state where his influence Michigans. –Henry Brooks Adams * Teachers. I believe. are the most responsible and of import members of society because their professional attempts affect the destiny of the Earth. –Helen Caldicott. writer and peace activistd across the universe on October 5. [ 1 ] Better than a 1000 yearss of diligent survey is one twenty-four hours with a great instructor. –Japanese adage * The whole art of instruction is merely the art of rousing the natural wonder of immature heads for the intent of fulfilling it afterwards. –Anatole France * Those who educate kids good are more to be honored than parents. for these merely gave life. those the art of life well. –Aristotle * A gifted instructor is every bit rare as a talented physician. and makes far less money –Author unknown September 5th is celebrated as Teachers’ twenty-four hours in India. Ex-president of India Mr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan’s birth twenty-four hours ( 1888-1975 ) is celebrated as Teachers’day. He was a philosopher and solon. He was the chief to interapret of India’s philosophical and spiritual traditions to west. He was frailty president from 1952-1962 and president from 1962-1967. He was born in Tiruttani. so in Andhra pradesh. now in Tamil Nadu. He was the first embassador to the Soviet Union from 1949-1952. He was really instuemental in Indian political relations instantly after the decease of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1964. He was in learning before come ining in to political relations. That is why the Teachers’day is celebrated. Best instructors are awarded on this twenty-four hours. On Teacher’s twenty-four hours. pupils across India frock up as their instructors and take talks in categories that are assigned to the instructors they represent. Sometimes. instructors sit in their categories as pupils. seeking to live over the clip when they. themselves. were pupils. Besides. maps are organized in schools on the particular twenty-four hours. where pupils present dance public presentations. play. and assorted other plans to entertain their instructors. This twenty-four hours provides for a healthy interaction between instructors and pupils every bit good. Teacher’s Day is a testimonial to the difficult work and devotedness of the instructors all twelvemonth long. to educate a kid. In India. teacher’s twenty-four hours is celebrated on 5th of September every twelvemonth. Indian Teacher’s Day is dedicated to Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. who was a avid advocator of instruction and one of the greatest bookmans and instructors of all times. apart from being the first Vice President and the 2nd President of India. As a grade of regard to this phenomenal instructor. his birthday came to be observed as Teacher’s Day in the state. A good instructor is like a taper. it consumes itself to illume the manner for others. Teachers’ Day is a national map. celebrated merely in India. It is held on September 5th of every twelvemonth which is besides the birthday of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. one of Our former Presidents. Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was an ideal instructor. It was decided to observe his birthday as Teachers’ Day to honor that baronial profession. The chief thought is to pull the attending of the society towards this profession. No other profession. either medical or legal. hold a twenty-four hours meant to observe and honor the best among them. It is a alone honor awarded to the learning profession in our state. On that twenty-four hours about a 100 instructors selected from primary. upper primary and secondary schools. oriental schools and colleges are invited by the President of India and honoured by giving a certification of acknowledgment along with some hard currency award. The award given by the President is called the National Award for Teachers. which is a great honor to the low instructors. Choice for these awards is made on the footing of many considerations-teachers’ personal character and behavior. his professional competency. his sociableness. the consequences he produced. the part he made to the profession as a author. and as a research worker in instruction. . the popularity he enjoys in public. his attempts to eliminate illiteracy. public support he got to construct substructure for his establishment etc. The portion he plays in extracurricular activities is besides taken into history. So it is non easy to acquire a national award. Merely ideal and worthy instructors can acquire it. Besides National awards. State awards and awards by National Foundation for Teachers are besides given. In some territories. territory degree awards are besides given to promote ideal instructors. Giving an award is a good inducement. Of late the awards given by authorities have become mechanical. The original thought of affecting the society at big. to recognize this baronial profession is losing. Many maps are being arranged by instructors to honor their fellow instructors. The parents are non demoing the expected involvement. It was true that a instructor enjoyed a topographic point of honor after the female parent and male parent and was merely following to them. in our ancient society. Many alterations have taken topographic point. A instructor is no longer a selfless Guru. He is a paid employee. merely like any other worker in an office or mill. With this societal construct. it is hard to anticipate society to honor the instructors. But even now there are instructors who are respected and loved for their altruistic service. immaculate character and indifferent love and fondness they show to all their pupils. All such instructors may non acquire awards. The societal regard they command is itself an award. As Dr. S. Radhakrishnan had himself said. instruction is its ain wages. The satisfaction it gives the instructor is non comparable. A good instructor is ever remembered by the pupil wherever he is. Every twelvemonth Teachers’ Day is celebrated all over India on 5th September. It is because Dr. S. Radhakrishnan was born on this twenty-four hours. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan who subsequently became a great authorities very important person. was earlier an outstanding instructor. He taught in India and subsequently in England. He was greatly loved by his students for his scholarship and amiable manners. Teachers’ twenty-four hours is celebrated in our school every twelvemonth. On this twenty-four hours. instructors are given a interruption for their everyday occupation of learning. In their topographic point. the pupils of XII category frock cleverly as instructors and learn the junior categories for about an hr or so. All the pupils take them as existent instructors for that period. A twenty-four hours earlier. the school hall is tastily decorated with colorful threads and bunting. The chief map is held at that place. All the instructors are invited by the pupils through artistic invitation cards as our esteemed invitees and the most of import individuals. A cultural programme particularly prepared for the instructors is held. In this programme. skits. vocals. dances. apery and lampoons are presented by the pupils. The instructors are parodied in a light vena without giving any of them an juncture for being displeased. The pupil representatives in their addresss praise the instructors for the good work they do as nation-builders. We pray for their prosperity and long life. We even offer apologies for any oversights on our portion. Then the instructors are presented beautiful corsages and gifts. which normally create laughter without maliciousness. Last of all the instructors are invited to a light refreshment programme and we get approvals from them which they give liberally in melody with their general nature of love and generousness.

Underage Females Working in Brothels via Sex Trafficking Research Paper

Underage Females Working in Brothels via Sex Trafficking - Research Paper Example Underage Females Working in Brothels via Sex Trafficking The results are tragic because in most cases, the underage females that are working in brothels are victims of sex trafficking. They feel frustrated and worthless, seeing no prospect of escaping their wretched lives. Sad to say that even parents that are supposed to show love and protect their children, often contribute to the climate of permissiveness, because they claim that poverty led them to sell their children into prostitution. Widespread depravity and rampant barbarous pedophile cannot be controlled by law enforcement. However, influential personalities recognize the devastating effects of child prostitution by sex trafficking. In fact, nation leaders considered this as a barbarous crime. Thus, working alongside with government agencies, officials and legislative bodies, they are doing their earnest efforts to stop the problem. Yet, despite their noble intentions, sex trafficking of minors is still growing. How extensive is the problem of sex trafficking today? What leads to this horrific situation? According to Sex trafficking Fact Sheet, â€Å"sex trafficking is a modern-day form of slavery in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such an act is under the age of 18 years†. The Fact Sheet declares that considering sex trafficking as a serious violation of Federal law, Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, or TVPA, is being ratified. TVPA defines ‘commercial sex act’ as any sex act on account of which anything of value is given to or received by any person. It also recognizes that sex traffickers customarily use psychological and physical coercion, such as making threats of serious harm to or physical restraint against any person, using any scheme, plan, or pattern intended to cause the victim to believe that failure to do the command action would result in serious harm. The Fact sheet enumerates the various types of sex trafficking. The victims are forced into different forms of commercial sexual exploitation such as prostitution, pornography, stripping, live-sex shows, mail-order brides, military prostitution and sex tourism. Sex trafficking operation usually takes place in a more underground systems such as closed-brothels that operate out of residential areas. It also can be found in a variety of public and private locations such as massage parlors, spas, and strip clubs. Additionally, Fact sheet specifies the common patterns of traffickers for luring the victims, such as, a promise of good job in other country, a false marriage proposal which turned into a bondage situation, parents willful intent of selling their children into sex trade, and others being kidnapped by the traffickers. Frequently, traffickers subject their victims to debt-bondage, the expenses incurred by their travel which include food and transport, thus they must pay the debt by their sex services. Traffickers will use various methods to condition their victims to perform sex acts, such as starvation, confinement, physical abuse as beatings, rape, gang rape, threats of violence to the victims and to their families, forced drug use, and the threat of staining their reputation by revealing to their friends and families friends their nature of work. What an awful situation these underage victims are facing! So far, trafficking is considered to be one of the leading

INTERNET ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

INTERNET ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example personal and employer sections. The individuals have a wide range of options which include the ‘Salary – Wizard  ®Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, job searches, education and a blog where there are career advancement articles. The best feature of this website is that it allows the users to gain a better understanding of their worth in the industry and the salary that they can expect for their current position. The website also provides excellent tips in the articles to help individuals improve their skills and education. This website has been designed to assist both the prospective employees and employers equally (Salary.com, 2009). The website however does lack one element which is extremely essential and can be a bigger source of income for the website as well (Salary.com-Articles, 2009). In the education section for individuals, if the website did provide links to universities and organizations which provide the training this would be beneficial for all, the individual, the website and the university stated. I would definitely recommend this site to all my friends simply because of the wide area that it covers. Being a student myself, I understand the need for career development and career advancement assistance. This website proves to be helpful for career advancement, and also to assist people to realize their worth in the market. Hence I would definitely recommend this site to others. This website has been developed with a major focus on only ‘law related’ jobs. The main audiences for this website are people in the law field. The website does cater to the needs of a niche of the market and provides the individuals with experience and education in the law field. The website has been developed with a very simple design, however the information on the website is not organized and there is an influx of information, which creates a chaos on the website. The website can clearly be improved with a bettered design and a more

The Negative Effects of Child Care on Child Development Essay Example for Free

The Negative Effects of Child Care on Child Development Essay Parent care Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Parent or child care is where parents take appropriate measures to ensure that children grow in environment where their emotional, social and educational needs are considered. The early stage of a child’s life is critical for cognitive, emotional and social developments. Parenthood is a task that requires full time dedication since children require more attention. Parenting also requires a lot of skills and energy to understand children wants which makes them happy and comfortable. Children also require time to talk and play with their parents which makes them feel appreciated. Poor parenting makes the children feel abandoned and unwanted since children miss an opportunity to interact with their parents.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Household chores such as cooking and washing are very vital to parents, also making children joyful and relaxed. Professionals suggest that parents should engage their children in household work. This makes children to feel that they participate in small chores. This will as well hasten the communication involving parents and children and the care will remain integral. Child development depends on secure affection to a principal caregiver. Child development is one of the most significant stages in a kid’s life and if the stage is not handled in an appropriate manner, the child is likely to face social and emotional suffering.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Parents are left with the task of balancing between office work and their responsibility at home. This is not an easy task though, but it involves prioritizing and preplanning the works which will help the parent have an easy time to balance between family life and office life. Parents should ensure they have ample time with their children whenever they are at home. They can also take children for an outside dinner or shopping. This occasions help to maintain the affectionate rapport between parents and their children. The parent can ask the children to suggest as they purchase household items and also buy them sweets and gifts. Parents should have conversations with their children whenever they get time to interact. They should ask them about their personal issues, studies among other things which will make feel that their parents are concerned in all phases of their life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Parent or child care involves coping with the children behavior, however it includes correcting and showing appropriate mode of conduct. The parents should not complain express anger or work related tensions to their families. This will make the children feel like they are the cause of pain and trouble to their parents and they may gradually shift away their emotions from their parents. Parent care also involves considering the health of the children since small kids are susceptible to sicknesses such as fever, pneumonia, colds among others. Parents should also guide their children in their early ages as they gradually become independent. Children tend to rebel from their parents, try new behaviors from peers of the same sex as they grow up. Parental guidance and care become more necessary since children are likely to make serious mistakes from the peer influence. Parents should also identify behavioral and learning disabilities from their children since some of these problems can get worse if they are not handled properly. Research shows that children who grow in families where development needs are not met are at greater risk of delays in either language or learning among other areas.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Research reveal that kids who grow in families rich in literacy and learning interactions and additional opportunities to listen and use language easily acquire the necessary skills in their early childhood years. Parents are the kid’s primary and very crucial teachers. Parents should also provide their children with opportunities to interact with other people. This is one of the reasons why some children fear to go to school since they do not know how to make new friends. Good parental care will help children develop social skills such as leadership, compromise and co-operation which are very vital in child development. Research shows that parental gradual exposure to social situations helps kids to face their worries and anxieties. Good parental care will not only help the child to have good social skills, but it will also help them have self-confidence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Parent can also help the child to speak through practice dialogue at home via regular conversations. For example, parents can ask open-ended questions to test their kid’s response. Through listening and sympathizing, parents show their emotional concern to their children. In addition putting jokes in conversations makes the conversation lively as well as lightening up the child mood. This will endorse child’s verbal expression and creativity. Through frequent talks, reads and singing to babies, parent can create a solid foundation for glossary and understanding. This helps the children at school since they can be learn the meaning of a word easily and be able to remember their meanings. Parent can improve a child’s word capacity by spending more time with the child. Children need a lot of practice reading which necessitate parent assistance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are several forms of care which include health care, appearance care, education care and cleanliness care. These different aspects of care manifest themselves in outside care and in home care. In home care is whereby parents show their care to the children at home since home is the initial step for the children to learn happiness and love. Home care is the most significant care step. On the other hand, outside cares is taking care of children from the society and protect them from harm. Parent care becomes more necessary as children grow since the responsibilities become more. In most cases mothers provide moral care while fathers provide safety and physical care. However, both parents should take care of their children in all phases of life. Parental care is complete when both parents are involved with children affairs. Parents provide different quantity of care and thus children require care from both parents. Parent care is not on ly providing for the child expenses, feeding the child, clothing or providing shelter, but parent care is showing affection and having time with the children to understand their physical, social and emotional needs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, parent care is very crucial to the child development. Parent is the child’s first teacher. There are various forms of care; health care, cleanliness care, appearance and education care. These forms of care are very necessary to the child especially if both parents are involved. Parent care will make the child to feel appreciated and loved. This improves the relationship between parent and child since the affection remain intact. However care should not be exaggerated since it will spoil the child. Excessive care makes the children to be irresponsible and increases the child’s dependency to the parent. Thus parents should provide appropriate care to their children. References http://childcare.about.com/od/theroleoftheprovider/tp/providerstell.htm http://www.prokerala.com/kids/parenting/working-parents-and-child-care.php (2010, 11). The Negative Effects of Child Care on Child Development. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 11, 2010, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/The-Negative-Effects-Of-Child-Care-465509.htmlhttp://ar.scribd.com/doc/57435566/Childcare-Essays-Child-Developmenthttp://www.startimes.com/?t=23272210 Source document

Antigone (creon As The Tragic :: essays research papers

Creon as the Tragic Hero   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In â€Å"Antigone† written by Sophocles, Creon is the tragic hero. Creon is the tragic hero because of his error in judgement, stubborn way of ruling Thebes, his change, and all the tragedy brought on by his actions. Although Creon changed only when a messenger told him there would be a tragic ending because of all his actions, he did try to correct what he had done.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Creon ordered that Polyneices’ body be left out to be eaten by vultures andwhile dogs because Polyneices rebelled against his brother Esteocles’ rule in Thebes. In this incident, both Polyneices and Esteocles (the ruler of Thebes) were killed. Creon’s stubborn way of ruling influenced everything that occurred because of him giving Esteocles a formal burial and leaving Polyneices’ body out to be eaten. Antigone, the sister of Polyneices and Esteocles, thought it was wrong that Esteocles had a formal burial and Polyneices was left out to be eaten by wild dogs and vultures. Antigone then decided it was her duty to bury Polyneices, so she disobeyed Creon’s decree and covered Polyneices’ body with dirt and wine. Unfortunately, Antigone was caught in the act of burying Polyneices so, Creon sentenced her (his own sons finance) to be put into a stone vault, to die of starvation and for Polyneices’ body to be uncovered. Then a messenger came and told Creon that there would be a tragic ending because of his error in judgement. Creon then quickly ordered Antigone to be freed and Polyneices to be buried, but he was too late. In the meantime, a messenger told Eurydice (Creon’s wife) that her son Haimon was dead and that his death was caused by Creon’s actions. Eurydice killed herself because the son she loved most was dead. In the meantime, Creon discovered that Polyneices’ body had been eaten by vultures and wild dogs so he quickly went to the vault Antigone was put in. WhenCreon arrived at the vault, he found Antigone had hung herself with her wedding dressand his son Haimon had killed himself because of the death of Antigone. Creon returned home to tell his wife Eurydice of all the tragedy caused by his own error in judgement, only to find Eurydice dead too.

A Game of Thrones Chapter Eighteen

Catelyn We will make King's Landing within the hour.† Catelyn turned away from the rail and forced herself to smile. â€Å"Your oarmen have done well by us, Captain. Each one of them shall have a silver stag, as a token of my gratitude.† Captain Moreo Turnitis favored her with a half bow. â€Å"You are far too generous, Lady Stark. The honor of carrying a great lady like yourself is all the reward they need.† â€Å"But they'll take the silver anyway.† Moreo smiled. â€Å"As you say.† He spoke the Common Tongue fluently, with only the slightest hint of a Tyroshi accent. He'd been plying the narrow sea for thirty years, he'd told her, as oarman, quartermaster, and finally captain of his own trading galleys. The Storm Dancer was his fourth ship, and his fastest, a two-masted galley of sixty oars. She had certainly been the fastest of the ships available in WhiteHarbor when Catelyn and Ser Rodrik Cassel had arrived after their headlong gallop downriver. The Tyroshi were notorious for their avarice, and Ser Rodrik had argued for hiring a fishing sloop out of the Three Sisters, but Catelyn had insisted on the galley. It was good that she had. The winds had been against them much of the voyage, and without the galley's oars they'd still be beating their way past the Fingers, instead of skimming toward King's Landing and journey's end. So close, she thought. Beneath the linen bandages, her fingers still throbbed where the dagger had bitten. The pain was her scourge, Catelyn felt, lest she forget. She could not bend the last two fingers on her left hand, and the others would never again be dexterous. Yet that was a small enough price to pay for Bran's life. Ser Rodrik chose that moment to appear on deck. â€Å"My good friend,† said Moreo through his forked green beard. The Tyroshi loved bright colors, even in their facial hair. â€Å"It is so fine to see you looking better.† â€Å"Yes,† Ser Rodrik agreed. â€Å"I haven't wanted to die for almost two days now.† He bowed to Catelyn. â€Å"My lady.† He was looking better. A shade thinner than he had been when they set out from WhiteHarbor, but almost himself again. The strong winds in the Bite and the roughness of the narrow sea had not agreed with him, and he'd almost gone over the side when the storm seized them unexpectedly off Dragonstone, yet somehow he had clung to a rope until three of Moreo's men could rescue him and carry him safely below decks. â€Å"The captain was just telling me that our voyage is almost at an end,† she said. Ser Rodrik managed a wry smile. â€Å"So soon?† He looked odd without his great white side whiskers; smaller somehow, less fierce, and ten years older. Yet back on the Bite it had seemed prudent to submit to a crewman's razor, after his whiskers had become hopelessly befouled for the third time while he leaned over the rail and retched into the swirling winds. â€Å"I will leave you to discuss your business,† Captain Moreo said. He bowed and took his leave of them. The galley skimmed the water like a dragonfly, her oars rising and falling in perfect time. Ser Rodrik held the rail and looked out over the passing shore. â€Å"I have not been the most valiant of protectors.† Catelyn touched his arm. â€Å"We are here, Ser Rodrik, and safely. That is all that truly matters.† Her hand groped beneath her cloak, her fingers stiff and fumbling. The dagger was still at her side. She found she had to touch it now and then, to reassure herself. â€Å"Now we must reach the king's master-at-arms, and pray that he can be trusted.† â€Å"Ser Aron Santagar is a vain man, but an honest one.† Ser Rodrik's hand went to his face to stroke his whiskers and discovered once again that they were gone. He looked nonplussed. â€Å"He may know the blade, yes . . . but, my lady, the moment we go ashore we are at risk. And there are those at court who will know you on sight.† Catelyn's mouth grew tight. â€Å"Littlefinger,† she murmured. His face swam up before her; a boy's face, though he was a boy no longer. His father had died several years before, so he was Lord Baelish now, yet still they called him Littlefinger. Her brother Edmure had given him that name, long ago at Riverrun. His family's modest holdings were on the smallest of the Fingers, and Petyr had been slight and short for his age. Ser Rodrik cleared his throat. â€Å"Lord Baelish once, ah . . . † His thought trailed off uncertainly in search of the polite word. Catelyn was past delicacy. â€Å"He was my father's ward. We grew up together in Riverrun. I thought of him as a brother, but his feelings for me were . . . more than brotherly. When it was announced that I was to wed Brandon Stark, Petyr challenged for the right to my hand. It was madness. Brandon was twenty, Petyr scarcely fifteen. I had to beg Brandon to spare Petyr's life. He let him off with a scar. Afterward my father sent him away. I have not seen him since.† She lifted her face to the spray, as if the brisk wind could blow the memories away. â€Å"He wrote to me at Riverrun after Brandon was killed, but I burned the letter unread. By then I knew that Ned would marry me in his brother's place.† Ser Rodrik's fingers fumbled once again for nonexistent whiskers. â€Å"Littlefinger sits on the small council now.† â€Å"I knew he would rise high,† Catelyn said. â€Å"He was always clever, even as a boy, but it is one thing to be clever and another to be wise. I wonder what the years have done to him.† High overhead, the far-eyes sang out from the rigging. Captain Moreo came scrambling across the deck, giving orders, and all around them the Storm Dancer burst into frenetic activity as King's Landing slid into view atop its three high hills. Three hundred years ago, Catelyn knew, those heights had been covered with forest, and only a handful of fisherfolk had lived on the north shore of the Blackwater Rush where that deep, swift river flowed into the sea. Then Aegon the Conqueror had sailed from Dragonstone. It was here that his army had put ashore, and there on the highest hill that he built his first crude redoubt of wood and earth. Now the city covered the shore as far as Catelyn could see; manses and arbors and granaries, brick storehouses and timbered inns and merchant's stalls, taverns and graveyards and brothels, all piled one on another. She could hear the clamor of the fish market even at this distance. Between the buildings were broad roads lined with trees, wandering crookback streets, and alleys so narrow that two men could not walk abreast. Visenya's hill was crowned by the Great Sept of Baelor with its seven crystal towers. Across the city on the hill of Rhaenys stood the blackened walls of the Dragonpit, its huge dome collapsing into ruin, its bronze doors closed now for a century. The Street of the Sisters ran between them, straight as an arrow. The city walls rose in the distance, high and strong. A hundred quays lined the waterfront, and the harbor was crowded with ships. Deepwater fishing boats and river runners came and went, ferrymen poled back and forth across the Blackwater Rush, trading galleys unloaded goods from Braavos and Pentos and Lys. Catelyn spied the queen's ornate barge, tied up beside a fat-bellied whaler from the Port of Ibben, its hull black with tar, while upriver a dozen lean golden warships rested in their cribs, sails furled and cruel iron rams lapping at the water. And above it all, frowning down from Aegon's high hill, was the Red Keep; seven huge drum-towers crowned with iron ramparts, an immense grim barbican, vaulted halls and covered bridges, barracks and dungeons and granaries, massive curtain walls studded with archers' nests, all fashioned of pale red stone. Aegon the Conqueror had commanded it built. His son Maegor the Cruel had seen it completed. Afterward he had taken the heads of every stonemason, woodworker, and builder who had labored on it. Only the blood of the dragon would ever know the secrets of the fortress the Dragonlords had built, he vowed. Yet now the banners that flew from its battlements were golden, not black, and where the three-headed dragon had once breathed fire, now pranced the crowned stag of House Baratheon. A high-masted swan ship from the Summer Isles was beating out from port, its white sails huge with wind. The Storm Dancer moved past it, pulling steadily for shore. â€Å"My lady,† Ser Rodrik said, â€Å"I have thought on how best to proceed while I lay abed. You must not enter the castle. I will go in your stead and bring Ser Aron to you in some safe place.† She studied the old knight as the galley drew near to a pier. Moreo was shouting in the vulgar Valyrian of the Free Cities. â€Å"You would be as much at risk as I would.† Ser Rodrik smiled. â€Å"I think not. I looked at my reflection in the water earlier and scarcely recognized myself. My mother was the last person to see me without whiskers, and she is forty years dead. I believe I am safe enough, my lady.† Moreo bellowed a command. As one, sixty oars lifted from the river, then reversed and backed water. The galley slowed. Another shout. The oars slid back inside the hull. As they thumped against the dock, Tyroshi seamen leapt down to tie up. Moreo came bustling up, all smiles. â€Å"King's Landing, my lady, as you did command, and never has a ship made a swifter or surer passage. Will you be needing assistance to carry your things to the castle?† â€Å"We shall not be going to the castle. Perhaps you can suggest an inn, someplace clean and comfortable and not too far from the river.† The Tyroshi fingered his forked green beard. â€Å"Just so. I know of several establishments that might suit your needs. Yet first, if I may be so bold, there is the matter of the second half of the payment we agreed upon. And of course the extra silver you were so kind as to promise. Sixty stags, I believe it was.† â€Å"For the oarmen,† Catelyn reminded him. â€Å"Oh, of a certainty,† said Moreo. â€Å"Though perhaps I should hold it for them until we return to Tyrosh. For the sake of their wives and children. If you give them the silver here, my lady, they will dice it away or spend it all for a night's pleasure.† â€Å"There are worse things to spend money on,† Ser Rodrik put in. â€Å"Winter is coming.† â€Å"A man must make his own choices,† Catelyn said. â€Å"They earned the silver. How they spend it is no concern of mine.† â€Å"As you say, my lady,† Moreo replied, bowing and smiling. Just to be sure, Catelyn paid the oarmen herself, a stag to each man, and a copper to the two men who carried their chests halfway up Visenya's hill to the inn that Moreo had suggested. It was a rambling old place on Eel Alley. The woman who owned it was a sour crone with a wandering eye who looked them over suspiciously and bit the coin that Catelyn offered her to make sure it was real. Her rooms were large and airy, though, and Moreo swore that her fish stew was the most savory in all the Seven Kingdoms. Best of all, she had no interest in their names. â€Å"I think it best if you stay away from the common room,† Ser Rodrik said, after they had settled in. â€Å"Even in a place like this, one never knows who may be watching.† He wore ringmail, dagger, and longsword under a dark cloak with a hood he could pull up over his head. â€Å"I will be back before nightfall, with Ser Aron,† he promised. â€Å"Rest now, my lady.† Catelyn was tired. The voyage had been long and fatiguing, and she was no longer as young as she had been. Her windows opened on the alley and rooftops, with a view of the Blackwater beyond. She watched Ser Rodrik set off, striding briskly through the busy streets until he was lost in the crowds, then decided to take his advice. The bedding was stuffed with straw instead of feathers, but she had no trouble falling asleep. She woke to a pounding on her door. Catelyn sat up sharply. Outside the window, the rooftops of King's Landing were red in the light of the setting sun. She had slept longer than she intended. A fist hammered at her door again, and a voice called out, â€Å"Open, in the name of the king.† â€Å"A moment,† she called out. She wrapped herself in her cloak. The dagger was on the bedside table. She snatched it up before she unlatched the heavy wooden door. The men who pushed into the room wore the black ringmail and golden cloaks of the City Watch. Their leader smiled at the dagger in her hand and said, â€Å"No need for that, m'lady. We're to escort you to the castle.† â€Å"By whose authority?† she said. He showed her a ribbon. Catelyn felt her breath catch in her throat. The seal was a mockingbird, in grey wax. â€Å"Petyr,† she said. So soon. Something must have happened to Ser Rodrik. She looked at the head guardsman. â€Å"Do you know who I am?† â€Å"No, m'lady,† he said. â€Å"M'lord Littlefinger said only to bring you to him, and see that you were not mistreated.† Catelyn nodded. â€Å"You may wait outside while I dress.† She bathed her hands in the basin and wrapped them in clean linen. Her fingers were thick and awkward as she struggled to lace up her bodice and knot a drab brown cloak about her neck. How could Littlefinger have known she was here? Ser Rodrik would never have told him. Old he might be, but he was stubborn, and loyal to a fault. Were they too late, had the Lannisters reached King's Landing before her? No, if that were true, Ned would be here too, and surely he would have come to her. How . . . ? Then she thought, Moreo. The Tyroshi knew who they were and where they were, damn him. She hoped he'd gotten a good price for the information. They had brought a horse for her. The lamps were being lit along the streets as they set out, and Catelyn felt the eyes of the city on her as she rode, surrounded by the guard in their golden cloaks. When they reached the Red Keep, the portcullis was down and the great gates sealed for the night, but the castle windows were alive with flickering lights. The guardsmen left their mounts outside the walls and escorted her through a narrow postern door, then up endless steps to a tower. He was alone in the room, seated at a heavy wooden table, an oil lamp beside him as he wrote. When they ushered her inside, he set down his pen and looked at her. â€Å"Cat,† he said quietly. â€Å"Why have I been brought here in this fashion?† He rose and gestured brusquely to the guards. â€Å"Leave us.† The men departed. â€Å"You were not mistreated, I trust,† he said after they had gone. â€Å"I gave firm instructions.† He noticed her bandages. â€Å"Your hands . . . â€Å" Catelyn ignored the implied question. â€Å"I am not accustomed to being summoned like a serving wench,† she said icily. â€Å"As a boy, you still knew the meaning of courtesy.† â€Å"I've angered you, my lady. That was never my intent.† He looked contrite. The look brought back vivid memories for Catelyn. He had been a sly child, but after his mischiefs he always looked contrite; it was a gift he had. The years had not changed him much. Petyr had been a small boy, and he had grown into a small man, an inch or two shorter than Catelyn, slender and quick, with the sharp features she remembered and the same laughing grey-green eyes. He had a little pointed chin beard now, and threads of silver in his dark hair, though he was still shy of thirty. They went well with the silver mockingbird that fastened his cloak. Even as a child, he had always loved his silver. â€Å"How did you know I was in the city?† she asked him. â€Å"Lord Varys knows all,† Petyr said with a sly smile. â€Å"He will be joining us shortly, but I wanted to see you alone first. It has been too long, Cat. How many years?† Catelyn ignored his familiarity. There were more important questions. â€Å"So it was the King's Spider who found me.† Littlefinger winced. â€Å"You don't want to call him that. He's very sensitive. Comes of being an eunuch, I imagine. Nothing happens in this city without Varys knowing. Oftimes he knows about it before it happens. He has informants everywhere. His little birds, he calls them. One of his little birds heard about your visit. Thankfully, Varys came to me first.† â€Å"Why you?† He shrugged. â€Å"Why not me? I am master of coin, the king's own councillor. Selmy and Lord Renly rode north to meet Robert, and Lord Stannis is gone to Dragonstone, leaving only Maester Pycelle and me. I was the obvious choice. I was ever a friend to your sister Lysa, Varys knows that.† â€Å"Does Varys know about . . . â€Å" â€Å"Lord Varys knows everything . . . except why you are here.† He lifted an eyebrow. â€Å"Why are you here?† â€Å"A wife is allowed to yearn for her husband, and if a mother needs her daughters close, who can tell her no?† Littlefinger laughed. â€Å"Oh, very good, my lady, but please don't expect me to believe that. I know you too well. What were the Tully words again?† Her throat was dry. â€Å"Family, Duty, Honor,† she recited stiffly. He did know her too well. â€Å"Family, Duty, Honor,† he echoed. â€Å"All of which required you to remain in Winterfell, where our Hand left you. No, my lady, something has happened. This sudden trip of yours bespeaks a certain urgency. I beg of you, let me help. Old sweet friends should never hesitate to rely upon each other.† There was a soft knock on the door. â€Å"Enter,† Littlefinger called out. The man who stepped through the door was plump, perfumed, powdered, and as hairless as an egg. He wore a vest of woven gold thread over a loose gown of purple silk, and on his feet were pointed slippers of soft velvet. â€Å"Lady Stark,† he said, taking her hand in both of his, â€Å"to see you again after so many years is such a joy.† His flesh was soft and moist, and his breath smelled of lilacs. â€Å"Oh, your poor hands. Have you burned yourself, sweet lady? The fingers are so delicate . . . Our good Maester Pycelle makes a marvelous salve, shall I send for a jar?† Catelyn slid her fingers from his grasp. â€Å"I thank you, my lord, but my own Maester Luwin has already seen to my hurts.† Varys bobbed his head. â€Å"I was grievous sad to hear about your son. And him so young. The gods are cruel.† â€Å"On that we agree, Lord Varys,† she said. The title was but a courtesy due him as a council member; Varys was lord of nothing but the spiderweb, the master of none but his whisperers. The eunuch spread his soft hands. â€Å"On more than that, I hope, sweet lady. I have great esteem for your husband, our new Hand, and I know we do both love King Robert.† â€Å"Yes,† she was forced to say. â€Å"For a certainty.† â€Å"Never has a king been so beloved as our Robert,† quipped Littlefinger. He smiled slyly. â€Å"At least in Lord Varys's hearing.† â€Å"Good lady,† Varys said with great solicitude. â€Å"There are men in the Free Cities with wondrous healing powers. Say only the word, and I will send for one for your dear Bran.† â€Å"Maester Luwin is doing all that can be done for Bran,† she told him. She would not speak of Bran, not here, not with these men. She trusted Littlefinger only a little, and Varys not at all. She would not let them see her grief. â€Å"Lord Baelish tells me that I have you to thank for bringing me here.† Varys giggled like a little girl. â€Å"Oh, yes. I suppose I am guilty. I hope you forgive me, kind lady.† He eased himself down into a seat and put his hands together. â€Å"I wonder if we might trouble you to show us the dagger?† Catelyn Stark stared at the eunuch in stunned disbelief. He was a spider, she thought wildly, an enchanter or worse. He knew things no one could possibly know, unless . . . â€Å"What have you done to Ser Rodrik?† she demanded. Littlefinger was lost. â€Å"I feel rather like the knight who arrives at the battle without his lance. What dagger are we talking about? Who is Ser Rodrik?† â€Å"Ser Rodrik Cassel is master-at-arms at Winterfell,† Varys informed him. â€Å"I assure you, Lady Stark, nothing at all has been done to the good knight. He did call here early this afternoon. He visited with Ser Aron Santagar in the armory, and they talked of a certain dagger. About sunset, they left the castle together and walked to that dreadful hovel where you were staying. They are still there, drinking in the common room, waiting for your return. Ser Rodrik was very distressed to find you gone.† â€Å"How could you know all that?† â€Å"The whisperings of little birds,† Varys said, smiling. â€Å"I know things, sweet lady. That is the nature of my service.† He shrugged. â€Å"You do have the dagger with you, yes?† Catelyn pulled it out from beneath her cloak and threw it down on the table in front of him. â€Å"Here. Perhaps your little birds will whisper the name of the man it belongs to.† Varys lifted the knife with exaggerated delicacy and ran a thumb along its edge. Blood welled, and he let out a squeal and dropped the dagger back on the table. â€Å"Careful,† Catelyn told him, â€Å"it's sharp.† â€Å"Nothing holds an edge like Valyrian steel,† Littlefinger said as Varys sucked at his bleeding thumb and looked at Catelyn with sullen admonition. Littlefinger hefted the knife lightly in his hand, testing the grip. He flipped it in the air, caught it again with his other hand. â€Å"Such sweet balance. You want to find the owner, is that the reason for this visit? You have no need of Ser Aron for that, my lady. You should have come to me.† â€Å"And if I had,† she said, â€Å"what would you have told me?† â€Å"I would have told you that there was only one knife like this at King's Landing.† He grasped the blade between thumb and forefinger, drew it back over his shoulder, and threw it across the room with a practiced flick of his wrist. It struck the door and buried itself deep in the oak, quivering. â€Å"It's mine.† â€Å"Yours?† It made no sense. Petyr had not been at Winterfell. â€Å"Until the tourney on Prince Joffrey's name day,† he said, crossing the room to wrench the dagger from the wood. â€Å"I backed Ser Jaime in the jousting, along with half the court.† Petyr's sheepish grin made him look half a boy again. â€Å"When Loras Tyrell unhorsed him, many of us became a trifle poorer. Ser Jaime lost a hundred golden dragons, the queen lost an emerald pendant, and I lost my knife. Her Grace got the emerald back, but the winner kept the rest.† â€Å"Who?† Catelyn demanded, her mouth dry with fear. Her fingers ached with remembered pain. â€Å"The Imp,† said Littlefinger as Lord Varys watched her face. â€Å"Tyrion Lannister.†

Art 101 Painting Styles

Painting Styles When we look at art and different art work some of us have trouble seeing more than what meets the eye. I myself tend to get caught up in how I feel rather than giving any thought at all to the history and details of the moment in time when the piece was created. As I have read more about different periods of art I see that there is much to be learned about the art that is beyond the surface of the piece. In the painting The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries is a piece that is categorized under neoclassical art. Neoclassical art is deeply enriched by Greek and Roman influences. The movement began in the mid 1700’s; it was known for its portrayal of subject matter in a more serious light. The painting of Napoleon shows us how regal he is and how morally just he was. This can also be seen in the formal aspects of the piece as he is obviously the center of the painting, making him the center of attention and by the fact that the light is focused on him, casting what appears to be a glow. The majority of the neoclassical art contained clean backgrounds and architectural details from Greece and Rome. Impressionism was developed in France during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These pieces of art were painted as if someone just took a quick look at the subject of the painting. The paintings usually were in bold colors and did not have a lot of detail. Paintings in this style were usually outdoor scenes like landscapes. The pictures were painted to look like they were shimmering. Luncheon of the Boating Party by Renoir is a perfect example of Impressionism and is quite beautiful. It gives me the impression of light heartedness and fun. Abstract Expressionism is a movement that became popular is the post-World War II era in the late 1940’s it is a movement of art that is highly emotionally charged. It can be said that it is an approach that involves complete freedom from all traditional aesthetic and social values and favors spontaneous, free personal expression. The work is usually loud in color and large in scale. It appears to be free in form with lines that move freely within the piece. Even though it looks very sloppy and messy there is not a single mistake or accident on these pieces. There are intentional strokes. As we see in the piece Autumn Rhythm it looks like there is just paint thrown all over the canvas at random but there is much feeling behind this piece. In this piece there are symbolic elements of nature in the rientation and color schemes that it portrays even if we do not immediately see it. It is a very emotional piece as well as a very emotional movement in art. Out of all the movements I personally like this one the best. In conclusion, these movements are all important to art, both individually and collectively. They tell stories of the time period that they belong to and about the people of these time; stories that go deeper than any history book or personal recollection of that time. I think that this is why it is so important to look at these pieces and see what lies beneath the surface or the canvas. They are all different in so many ways and the artists that belong to these movements could not be any more different either but they are all important to the story of our history. This all creates the beautiful diverse quilt that is American art. References: Sayre, H. M. (2009). A world of art (6th ed. ). Boston, MA: Prentice Hall http://www. nga. gov/collection/gallery/gg56/gg56-45831. 0. html http://www. phillipscollection. org/collection/boating/index. aspx http://www. metmuseum. org/Collections/search-the-collections/210009206

Overview of OLED Technology

Overview of OLED Technology OLED stands for organic light-emitting diode and its cutting edge technology results from many innovations in display monitors, lighting, and more. As the name suggests, OLED technology is the next-generation advance of regular LEDs and LCDs, or liquid crystal displays. LED Displays Closely related LED displays were first introduced to consumers in 2009. LED television sets were much thinner and brighter than their predecessors: plasmas, LCD HDTVs, and, of course, the humongous and outdated CRTs, or cathode-ray tube displays. OLED displays were introduced commercially a year later, and allow for even thinner, brighter, and crisper displays than LED. With OLED technology, completely flexible screens that can fold or roll up are possible. Lighting OLED technology is exciting because it is a viable and functional innovation in lighting. A lot of OLED products are light panels whose large areas diffuse lighting, but the technology lends itself well to different applications like the ability to change shape, colors, and transparency. Other benefits of OLED lighting compared to traditional alternatives includes energy efficiency, and the lack of poisonous mercury. In 2009, Philips became the first company to manufacture an OLED lighting panel called Lumiblade. Philips described the potential of their Lumiblade as thin (less than 2 mm thick) and flat, and with little heat dissipation, Lumiblade can be embedded into most materials with ease. It gives designers almost limitless scope to mold and meld Lumiblade into everyday objects, scenes and surfaces, from chairs and clothing to walls, windows and tabletops. In 2013, Philips and BASF combined efforts to invent a lighted transparent car roof. It will be solar powered, and will turn transparent when switched off. Thats just one of many revolutionary developments possible with such state-of-the-art-tech. Mechanical Functions and Processes In the simplest of terms, OLEDs are made from organic semiconductor materials that emit light when an electrical current is applied. OLEDs works by passing electricity through one or more incredibly thin layers of organic semiconductors. These layers are sandwiched between two charged electrodes–one positive and one negative. The â€Å"sandwich† is placed on a sheet of glass or other transparent material which, in technical terms, is called a â€Å"substrate†. When current is applied to the electrodes, they emit positively and negatively charged holes and electrons. These combine in the middle layer of the sandwich to create a brief, high-energy state called â€Å"excitation†. As this layer returns to its original, stable, â€Å"non-excited† state, the energy flows evenly through the organic film, causing it to emit light. History OLED diode technology was invented by researchers at the Eastman Kodak company in 1987. Chemists Ching W. Tang and Steven Van Slyke were the principal inventors. In June 2001, Van Slyke and Tang received an Industrial Innovation Award from the American Chemical Society for their work with organic light-emitting diodes. Kodak released several of the earliest OLED-equipped products, including the first digital camera with a 2.2-inch OLED display with 512 by 218 pixels, the EasyShare LS633, in 2003. Kodak has since licensed its OLED technology to many companies, and they are still researching OLED light technology, display technology, and other projects. In the early 2000s, researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the Department of Energy invented two technologies necessary to make flexible OLEDs. First, Flexible Glass an engineered substrate that provides a flexible surface, and second, a Barix thin film coating that protects a flexible display from harmful air and moisture.

Good Writers, Bad Books A NaNoWriMo Debrief

Good Writers, Bad Books A NaNoWriMo Debrief Good Writers, Bad Books: A NaNoWriMo Debrief NaNoWriMo is over! Whether you're out celebrating your achievement, or still mulling over your newborn novel, we thought we'd share  a personal, warm and fuzzy  NaNo experience with you, straight from our editor Rebecca Heyman, who did herself complete NaNoWriMo a few years ago. The first and only time I completed NaNoWriMo was back in 2004. I was a sophomore at NYU, and spent most of that November holed up in a coveted single dorm, smoking cigarettes out the room's lone window overlooking Third Avenue. As I recall, the manuscript was built around motifs of twinning, incest, stalking, obsession and - every college English major's favorite - death. We should all take a moment to give thanks to our respective gods that the entire thing was lost along with the hard drive on my first MacBook. It was the baddest of bad books, to put it very mildly.

Blue jet Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

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Security in the Software Life Cycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Security in the Software Life Cycle - Essay Example As mentioned earlier there are several phases of SDLC, the first phase has been the Initiation phase. The five security controls that are required in the Initiation phase are: The software is meant for serving the purpose of the client and hence from a developer point of view, it must be ensured that business or client functionality requirements have been fulfilled. Hence in the initiation phase, we begin with the requirement document. It's about engaging the business partner in assessing the security aspects and risk associated and at the same time what could be done so that the protection needs of the software can be covered. The business in most of the cases wouldn't be aware of technical aspects of SDLC and integration of security in it. Hence a set of questionnaires are developed with the sole purpose being the transfer of security related technical issues of the software to the client while keeping things in the language of the business partner. The simpler language would enable developers in unraveling the security requirements of the proposed software. Software development in modern times is a combination of phases based on established norms. The concepts of software engineering as well testing is very useful when policies and standards are taken into consideration. Requirement specification document must include the development model preferred like the waterfall model, liner model or spiral model etc. Use of automated audit history would also help to manage the required changes as well analysis of the current stage of the development of the software. Identify Applicable Regulatory, Compliance, and Privacy Requirements: In this networked world, regulatory requirements have international implications. Service providers like www.amazon.com, www.ebay.com etc. have made their services available all across the world and hence they have to undertake both local and international considerations for regulatory, compliance and privacy requirements. In case of software for e-commerce, users are needed to provide their credit card details and the CVV number. Now, in this case, the website would need SSL certificate from VeriSign. Hence identification of the applicable regulatory, compliance and privacy requirements become a necessity so that software's portability could be without any physical and logical boundary.